Prosesor Terbaru dari Intel : Core i7

Core i7 resmi diluncurkan dalam tiga versi quad-core. Ditilik dari harganya, Core i7 memang tidak murah. Namun jika Anda ingin merakit PC dengan sistem Core i7, Anda memang harus membayar mahal. Untuk sistem, pilihan Anda saat ini masih terbatas pada motherboard dengan chipset Intel X58 (dengan ICH10 southbridge) dan memori DDR3. Harga keduanya pun belum murah.



Processor Name Cores Clock Cache QPI/FSB TDP 1Ku Price
Intel Core i7 Extreme 965 4 3.20GHz 8MB 3200MHz 150W $999
Intel Core i7 940 4 2.93GHz 8MB 2400MHz 130W $562
Intel Core i7 920 4 2.66GHz 8MB 2400MHz 130W $284
Intel Core 2 Extreme QX9775 4 3.20GHz 2 x 6MB 1600MHz 150W $1,499
Intel Core 2 Extreme QX9770 4 3.20GHz 2 x 6MB 1600MHz 136W $1,399
Intel Core 2 Extreme Q9650 4 3.00GHz 2 x 6MB 1333MHz 130W $530
Intel Core 2 Quad Q9550 4 2.83GHz 2 x 6MB 1333MHz 95W $316
Intel Core 2 Quad Q9450 4 2.66GHz 2 x 6MB 1333MHz 95W $316
Intel Core 2 Quad Q9400 4 2.66GHz 2 x 3MB 1333MHz 95W $266
Intel Core 2 Quad Q9300 4 2.50GHz 2 x 3MB 1333MHz 95W $266
Intel Core 2 Quad Q8200 4 2.33GHz 2 x 2MB 1333MHz 95W $193




Namun prosesor baru ini menawarkan beberapa fitur baru, antara lain kendali memori yang terintegrasi dan moda Turbo baru. Hyperthreading juga muncul kembali, menambahkan empat inti virtual ke empat inti fisik yang ada di CPU Core i7.

Moda Turbo, yang disebut Dynamic Speed Technology, memungkinkan CPU untuk mematikan inti dan meningkatkan clock speed, yang bisa bermanfaat pada aplikasi-aplikasi lama yang membutuhkan megahertz lebih, bukan inti yang lebih banyak. Pada aplikasi muti-threaded, CPU akan menyeimbangkan beban di semua inti.

CPU baru ini memiliki 731 juta transistor dalam satu die berukuran 263 milimeter persegi. Semua prosesor Core i7 dirancang pada daya desain thermal 130 watt. Antarmuka Quick Path Interconnect menyediakan bandwidth 19,2 gigatransfer pre detik pada model 920 dan 940, dan 25,6 gigatransfer pada model Extreme Edition.

it's all about avenged sevenfold

Avenged Sevenfold is an American rock band from Huntington Beach, California, formed in 1999. The band has achieved mainstream success with their 2005 album City of Evil, which includes singles such as "Burn It Down", "Bat Country," "Beast and the Harlot" and "Seize the Day." The band's success followed with their self-titled album, that includes singles such as "Critical Acclaim", "Almost Easy", "Afterlife", "Scream" and "Dear God".

Avenged Sevenfold emerged with a metalcore sound on their first two albums, but later changed their musical style into a more hard rock approach with City of Evil. The band themselves have received much credit for their worldwide mainstream success and were most notably proclaimed as one of the leaders and key bands in the New Wave of American Heavy Metal and were featured as second place on Ultimate Guitar's Top Ten Bands of the Decade. They are currently in production of their fifth studio album. During the end of 2009 the death of their drummer and founding member, James "The Rev" Sullivan was announced.Contents [hide]
1 Band history
1.1 Inception (1999—2004)
1.2 City of Evil (2005—2007)
1.3 Self-titled album (2007—2008)
1.4 Live in the LBC & Diamonds in the Rough (2008—2009)
1.5 Fifth studio album (2009—present)
1.5.1 The death of The Rev
1.5.1.1 Aftermath
2 Musical characteristics
2.1 Genre
2.2 Band name and lyrical content
2.3 The Deathbat
3 Band members
3.1 Timeline
4 Discography
5 References
6 External links

Band history
Inception (1999—2004)

The band was formed in 1999 in Huntington Beach, California with original members M. Shadows, Zacky Vengeance, The Rev and Matt Wendt. M Shadows came up with the name as a reference to the story of Cain and Abel from The Bible, although they are not a religious band.[1] Upon its formation, each member of the band also took on a pseudonym which were already nicknames of theirs from high school.[2] Before release their debut album, the band recorded two demos in 1999 and 2000. Avenged Sevenfold's debut album, Sounding the Seventh Trumpet, was recorded when the band members were just eighteen years old and in high school. It was originally released on their first label, Good Life Recordings in 2001.[3] After lead guitarist Synyster Gates joined the band, at the end of 1999 when he was 18 at the introductory track "To End the Rapture" was re-recorded featuring a full band element. The album was subsequently re-released on Hopeless Records in 2002.

The band started to receive recognition, performing with bands such as Mushroomhead and Shadows Fall and playing on the Take Action Tour.[4][5] Having settled on their fourth bassist, Johnny Christ, they released Waking the Fallen on Hopeless Records in August 2003. The band received profiles in Billboard and The Boston Globe, and played in the Vans Warped Tour.[6][7] In 2004, Avenged Sevenfold toured again on the Vans Warped Tour and recorded a video for their song "Unholy Confessions" which went into rotation on MTV2's Headbanger's Ball.[8] Shortly after the release of Waking the Fallen, Avenged Sevenfold left Hopeless Records and were signed to Warner Bros. Records.
City of Evil (2005—2007)

City of Evil, the band's third album and major label debut, was released on June 7, 2005 and debuted at #30 on the Billboard 200 chart, selling over 30,000 copies in its first week of release.[9][10] It utilized a more epic, classic metal sound than Avenged Sevenfold's previous albums, which had been grouped into the metalcore genre.[11][12] The album is also notable for the absence of screamed and growled vocals; M. Shadows worked with vocal coach Ron Anderson—whose clients have included Axl Rose and Chris Cornell—for months before the album's release to achieve a sound that had "grit while still having the tone".[11][13]

After playing Ozzfest in 2006, Avenged Sevenfold memorably beat out R&B Singers Rihanna and Chris Brown, Panic! at the Disco, Angels and Airwaves and James Blunt for the title of Best New Artist at the MTV Video Music Awards, thanks in part to their Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas-inspired song “Bat Country.” [14]

They returned to the Vans Warped Tour, this time headlining and then continued on their own "Cities of Evil Tour."[15] In addition, their lead single "Bat Country" reached #2 on Billboard's Mainstream Rock Charts, #6 on Billboard's Modern Rock Charts and the accompanying video made it to #1 on MTV's Total Request Live.[16] Propelled by this success, the album sold well and became Avenged Sevenfold's first gold record.[17] It was later certified platinum in August 2009.
Self-titled album (2007—2008)

Zacky Vengeance in 2007.

Avenged Sevenfold's mainstream success got them an invitation to 2006's Ozzfest tour on the main stage, alongside other well known hard rock and heavy metal acts DragonForce, Lacuna Coil, Hatebreed, Disturbed and System of a Down.[18] That same year they also completed a worldwide tour, including the US, The United Kingdom (as well as mainland Europe), Japan, Australia and New Zealand. After being on tour for sixteen months in promotion of City of Evil, the band announced that they were cancelling their Fall 2006 tour in favor of recording new music.[19] M. Shadows stated that their fourth studio album—which the band self-titled and self-produced—would not be a "City of Evil Part 2" or "Waking the Fallen Part 2," but would incorporate a new, grittier sound.[19][20] To tide the fans over in between albums, the band released their first DVD titled All Excess on July 17, 2007.[21] All Excess, which debuted as the #1 DVD in the USA, included live performances and backstage footage that spanned the band's eight year career. Two tribute albums, Strung Out on Avenged Sevenfold: Bat Wings and Broken Strings and Strung Out on Avenged Sevenfold: The String Tribute were also released in October 2007.

Avenged Sevenfold, the band's fourth album, was released on October 30, 2007, debuting at #4 on the Billboard 200 with over 90,000 copies sold.[22] Two singles, "Critical Acclaim" and "Almost Easy" were released prior to the album's debut. In December 2007, an animated video was made for "A Little Piece of Heaven." Due to the song's controversial subject matter, however, Warner Brothers only released it to registered MVI users over the internet. The third single, "Afterlife" and its video was released in January 2008. Their fourth single, "Dear God", was released on September 30, 2008. The self-titled album went onto sell over 500,000 copies and was awarded "Album of the Year" at the Kerrang! Awards.[23]
Live in the LBC & Diamonds in the Rough (2008—2009)

Avenged Sevenfold headlined the 2008 Taste of Chaos tour with Atreyu, Bullet for My Valentine, Blessthefall and Idiot Pilot.[24] They used the footage from their last show in Long Beach for Live in the LBC & Diamonds in the Rough, a two-disc B-sides CD and live DVD which was released on September 16, 2008. They also recorded numerous covers, including Pantera's "Walk," Iron Maiden's "Flash of the Blade" and Black Sabbath's "Paranoid" (the first two of which were included on "Live in the LBC & Diamonds in the Rough").[24][25][26] They will also be releasing a Guitar Tutorial DVD, which include the five tracks, Afterlife, Almost Easy, Bat Country, Beast and the Harlot and Trashed And Scattered, breaking down the guitar solos and riffs in each song.[27]

During a sold-out festival performance in Leeds and Reading, the band were forced to shorten their Leeds performance and cancel their Reading performance due to a vocal strain sustained by M. Shadows.[28] A few days later, the band was forced to announce the cancellation of the remaining September shows, with the tour set to resume again on October 15.[29]
Fifth studio album (2009—present)

In January 2009, M. Shadows confirmed that the band is writing the follow-up to their self-titled fourth album within the upcoming months.[30] They also announced that they will be playing at Rock on the Range, from May 16–17, 2009.[31] In April 16, they performed a version of Guns N' Roses' "It's So Easy" onstage with Slash, at the Nokia Theater in Los Angeles.[32] M. Shadows was featured on Slash's debut solo album Slash in the song "Nothing to Say".

M. Shadows and the rest of the band has expressed interest in making a follow-up to their self-titled record. They announced that they plan to start writing in June 2009 and recording in October 2009. M. Shadows also said in an interview with Loveline that the next record would be a more classic metal, more rock-oriented record, since the self-titled record was very experimental. He also said it would feature more progressive, longer songs and would be the "biggest Avenged Sevenfold record ever." Additionally, he said they were possibly thinking about a concept record.

On July 15, 2009, their website and MySpace profile were updated with a statement from M. Shadows implying that work on the next album has started, but they are still "throwing around ideas". The update was on the same day that Waking the Fallen went Gold.

In an interview, M. Shadows has revealed that after the band will complete their tour with a final performance at the Sonisphere Festival on August 2, they will get in the studio to write and record a new studio album, a follow-up to their self-titled album.[33]

Avenged Sevenfold in 2007.

On November 5, 2009, Zacky Vengeance posted a message on the official website stating that they had returned from their tour and immediately started focusing on forming a production team in order to start recording the album. "We will continue finalizing our songs until we feel every note does both you as well as us justice. We are also in the final stages of solidifying our production team, studios and engineers so that the second the axe falls and the album is written we will spend day and night in the studio until it is complete. This album will definitely take you on a very dark journey..."

On December 24, 2009 it was announced that Avenged Sevenfold had come in second place on Ultimate Guitar's Top Ten Bands of the Decade, losing the top spot to Metallica.[34]

The December 31, 2009 edition of Kerrang! magazine included an interview with M. Shadows, in which Shadows stated the following about the album; "It’s a dark record. The music is emotional. Our goal is to make every single part memorable, we want to evoke reactions live and at home. It’ll have big rock ballads, the big fun stuff, the piano, the choir, the orchestra and all the visual things you expect but with a different, moodier vibe. Lyrically, I’ve been inspired by everything from the ways kids are brought up nowadays, to schooling, the economy, religion, war and the behaviour of our government. It all plays into how kids are so emotionally detached from the real world right now."[35]
The death of The Rev
Main article: The Rev

On December 28, 2009, drummer James "The Rev" Sullivan was found dead at his home at the age of 28.[36] In a statement by the band, they expressed their grief over the passing of The Rev and asked that his family's privacy to be respected:

It is with great sadness and heavy hearts that we tell you of the passing today of Jimmy “The Rev” Sullivan. Jimmy was not only one of the world's best drummers, but more importantly he was our best friend and brother. Our thoughts and prayers go out to Jimmy's family and we hope that you will respect their privacy during this difficult time.[37]

Shown on Avenged Sevenfold's official website was a message from Sullivan's family which expressed their gratitude to his fans for their support:

"We would like to thank all of Jimmy's fans for the heartfelt comments that have been posted – it is comforting to know that his genius and antics were appreciated and that he was loved so much. Our hearts are broken – he was much too young to fall. Óg agus saor go deo (forever young and free)"[38]

In addition to comments made about the death of Sullivan, the band's manager Larry Jacobson expressed how Sullivan was a kind figure to all. Jacobson stated within the interview that;

He was expressive. He'd tell you how he felt about you -- you didn't wonder because he'd put his arm around you," he said. "He knew how to tell his friends he loved them." [39]

In addition to Jacobson, over 50 musical artists have commented upon the death of Sullivan.[40]

On January 5, 2010 a private funeral was held for The Rev. In attendance were friends of the band, such as the Lostprophets and Brian Haner Sr.. On January 6, 2010, the body of James Sullivan was laid to rest in an undisclosed location.[41]

The January 13, 2010 edition of Kerrang! featured an article about the death of The Rev, in which fans and stars paid tribute to him.[42] Simultaneously, Zacky Vengeance expressed his own feelings about the passing, stating that "Jimmy will always be with me in everything I do. Except sitting at home being sad, so today Im going to try to start living again. foREVer." [43]
Aftermath

In a recent interview with M. Shadows about the death of the Rev, Shadows confirmed a July release for Avenged Sevenfold's fifth album.[44] "I have so much to say but can’t find the words so I will wait until time can allow me to find a way to express myself. As for the rest of us, it has become clear what we need to do. We had just finished writing a record with Jimmy. I can’t promise what the future holds because right now it’s too painful to think about, but we know we need to record and put out this record in honor of Jimmy, for Jimmy. He would call me every night to talk about songs and tell me 'this shit is gonna change the world.' I agreed with him, unfortunately I didn’t know it would be on these terms. Please be patient with us for we cannot imagine how hard this is gonna be to get through, we just know we have to do it for his legacy. After that, who knows?"[45]

In a recent interview conducted by the Huntington Beach Independent newspaper, Jimmy Sullivan's parents, Babara and Joseph revealed the following information about Avenged Sevenfold's new album: “Most important to him, Jimmy had just finished writing songs for Avenged Sevenfold’s new album — he even called one his ‘masterpiece.’ When he wrote songs, he would record tracks of his singing, playing the piano and drumming — then, when he played them for me, he would sing the orchestra or guitar parts that would be added later. I am thankful that I got to tell him how much I liked and admired his music. Later, Barbara commented that, "Jimmy wrote some really good songs. I was so proud of him, and I know that even though it will be very hard for them, the band will do a great job getting them recorded soon. Needless to say, these ‘all Jimmy’ recordings are almost impossible for me to listen to yet, but what a blessing to have them.” [46] They plan to dedicate their new album to The Rev.[47]

On February 17, 2010, Avenged Sevenfold stated that they had entered the studio, along with Dream Theater drummer Mike Portnoy, to drum for the record, in place of the Rev. "I want our fans to know that with Jimmy in our hearts, our journey to record has officially began. Jimmy helped leave this world an amazing gift and now it's our job to make sure to deliver that gift to our fans. We asked Jimmy's all time favorite drummer Mike Portnoy to record on behalf of him. Mike said it would be an honor and without question that’s what Jim would have wanted. It's comforting to us that someone like Mike, who is undoubtedly revered as one of the best drummers in the world, held such respect and adoration for the Rev's abilities. Even though it will never be the same without our brother by our side, his essence lives in our hearts and through the music he helped create. He was a legend before any of the success or any of that bullshit and we are fucking excited to lay this down for our fans, and especially for Jimmy." [48] Mike stated that it would be an "honor" to play for the band. [49]
Musical characteristics This section needs additional citations for verification.
Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2010)

Genre

Avenged Sevenfold's material spans multiple genres and has evolved over the band's ten year career. Initially, the band's debut album Sounding the Seventh Trumpet consisted almost entirely of metalcore sound; however, there were several deviations to this genre, most notably in "Streets" which adopts a punk style and "Warmness on the Soul," which is a piano-oriented ballad.[50] On Waking The Fallen, the band displayed a more refined and fluent metalcore album that was able to harness the rawness of the first album and add more mature and intricate musical elements. In the band's DVD All Excess, producer Andrew Mudrock explained this transition: "When I met the band after Sounding the Seventh Trumpet had come out before they had recorded Waking the Fallen, M. Shadows said to me 'This record is screaming. The record we want to make is going to be half-screaming half-singing. I don't want to scream anymore. And the record after that is going to be all singing.'" On City of Evil, Avenged Sevenfold's third album, the band chose to abandon the metalcore genre, developing a more hard rock style. Avenged Sevenfold's self-titled album, again, consists of several deviations to less consistent genres and styles from the album's main hard rock and heavy metal songs, most notably in "Dear God", which adopts a country style and "A Little Piece of Heaven", which includes elements of Broadway show tunes, using primarily brass instruments and stringed orchestra to take over most of the role of the lead and rhythm guitar. The band has changed considerably since their first album, in which during that time they have been characterized as a heavy band with a screamed and growled vocal style combined with clean vocals that one can expect from the metalcore genre.
Band name and lyrical content

The band's name is a reference to the Book of Genesis in the Bible - specifically Genesis 4:24, where Cain is sentenced to life in exile for murdering his brother. God marked him so that none would kill him on account of his sin; the man who dared to kill Cain would suffer "vengeance seven times over" (KJV).[51][original research?] The abbreviation "A7X" for their band name was the idea of guitarist Zacky Vengeance. The title of Avenged Sevenfold's song "Chapter Four" refers to the fourth chapter of Genesis, in which the story of Cain and Abel takes place. The song's subject also appears to be this story. "Beast and the Harlot", yet another song derived from the Bible, comes from the Book of Revelation only it is written in the first person and refers to the punishment of Babylon the Great, world empire and seat of false religion. Another biblical reference occurs in the song "The Wicked End". In this song, several times it is said "dust the apple off, savor each bite, and deep inside you know Adam was right." making reference to Eve eating the forbidden fruit. Although the band's title and members' stage names make references to religion, Shadows stated in an interview that they are not a religious band. "Anyone that reads the lyrics and really knew anything about us, they would know we're not promoting either," he said. "That's one thing about this band that I love is that we never really shove any kind of, like, political or religious beliefs on people. We just, the music's there to entertain and maybe thought-provoking on both sides, but we don't try to, like, really shove anything down anyone's throat. There's too many bands that do that nowadays, I think."[52] The band has a few songs that are somewhat political in nature like "Critical Acclaim", "Gunslinger" and "Blinded in Chains". The song "Betrayed" off of their album City of Evil was written about "Dimebag Darrell's death".
The Deathbat

The band sports a logo known as the "Deathbat". It was originally designed by an artistic high school friend of Avenged Sevenfold, Micah Montague, as seen on the band's first DVD, All Excess. The Deathbat has appeared on all of the band's album covers, many of which were done by Cameron Rackam, a close friend of the band. The Deathbat has developed from just being a skull with bat wings, to sometimes appear as a full "man size" skeleton with bat wings, as it can be seen at the cover of City of Evil. On Sounding the Seventh Trumpet, there are pictures of two people (in which appear to be Cain and Abel), another angel-like human and a semi-opaque Deathbat below it, several Deathbats appear on the back cover of the album as well. The Deathbat also appears on covers of number of singles such as "Bat Country", "Warmness on the Soul" and "Critical Acclaim".
Band members

The band members occasionally play instruments other than their primary instruments listed below.Current members
M. Shadows – lead vocals (1999–present)
Zacky Vengeance – rhythm guitar, backing vocals (1999–present)
Synyster Gates – lead guitar, backing vocals (2000–present)
Johnny Christ – bass (2002–present) Former members
The Rev – drums, backing vocals (1999–2009)
Matt Wendt – bass (1999–2000)
Justin Sane – bass (2000–2001)
Dameon Ash – bass (2001–2002)

Studio members
Mike Portnoy – drums (2010)[53][54]
Timeline


Discography
For a more comprehensive list, see Avenged Sevenfold discography

Studio albums
Sounding the Seventh Trumpet (2001)
Waking the Fallen (2003)
City of Evil (2005)
Avenged Sevenfold (2007)


References
^ Decker, Ashley Interview with Avenged Sevenfold Skratch Magazine.
^ Interview with Avenged Sevenfold through Jacky Bam Bam "I think we all kind of had [the pseudonyms] before we were in the band." 93.3 WMMR Radio. March 19, 2009.
^ AOL.com
^ Brace, Eric. "The Circuit." The Washington Post. Accessed via LexisNexis. "Cleveland's excellent envelope-pushing metal band Mushroomhead performs Wednesday night at Jaxx (703-569-5940), along with Shadows Fall, Avenged Sevenfold and High on Fire." October 18, 2002.
^ Take Action Tour 2003 NinerOnline. September 19, 2003.
^ "Artists to Watch: Avenged Sevenfold." Billboard. "Orange County, Calif.'s Avenged Sevenfold stands at a crossroads. Kielty, Tom "Music Review The Vans Off the Wall Tour Suicide Machines, the Unseen and Avenged Sevenfold" The Boston Globe. Accessed via LexisNexis. "Earlier, Avenged Sevenfold showed a dramatic flair, opening its set with a sample of the theme from "The Exorcist" before combining impressive harmonies with a muscular melody that recalled early A.F.I."
^ Vans Warped Tour 2003 News Unrated Magazine. Publicity Release.
^ "Headbanger's Ball spawns second compilation" BPI Entertainment News Wire. "Here is the MTV2 Headbanger's Ball, Volume 2" track list... Disc one... 'Unholy Confessions,' Avenged Sevenfold." August 2, 2004.
^ Whitmire, Margo Coldplay Earns First Billboard 200 No. 1 Billboard. June 15, 2005.
^ Avenged Sevenfold's "City of Evil" Unleashed June 7 Market Wire. June 22, 2005.
^ a b Warped Tour outlasted by putting teenagers' interests first The Orange County Register. July 6, 2005. "We were lumped into metalcore, but with this record we really wanted to get out of it... We didn't even know why we were screaming. One day, we were just like, '(Bleep) this, there's no way we're gonna scream on the next record.'"
^ "Avenged Sevenfold: City of Evil." The New Zealand Herald accessed via LexisNexis. September 11, 2005. "But City Of Evil is some of the most exciting and epic rock'n'roll around at the moment. In fact, this album is a snorting and snarling mongrel that is as much for fans of classic rock as it is for those into metal."
^ Avenged Sevenfold Interview Blistering.
^ Rollingstone.com Rolling Stone.
^ Avenged Sevenfold's Cities Of Evil Tour 2005 to Begin October Market Wire through Warner Bros. Records. Sep 13, 2005.
^ Moss, Corey Avenged Sevenfold: Appetite for Destruction MTV.
^ Roadrunnerrecords.com
^ Harris, Chris Avenged Sevenfold Confirmed for Ozzfest's Main Stage MTV News. May 19, 2006.
^ a b Moss, Corey Avenged Sevenfold Seek Rat-Infested Garage to Record Next LP MTV News. October 4, 2006.
^ Christie, Dixon Avenged Sevenfold Interview with Johnny Christ PunkTV. January 5, 2008.
^ Avenged Sevenfold Brings "All Excess" to the Big Screen Market Wire. July 11, 2007.
^ "Eagles Fly Past Britney to Debut at No. 1", Billboard.com, November 7, 2007.
^ Avenged Sevenfold Won Kerrang's 'Album of the Year' Award Ultimate Guitar. August 22, 2008.
^ a b Zacky Vengeance: Avenged Sevenfold Would've 'Scared the Emo Kids' on Warped Tour
^ Kerrang! Maiden Heaven track listing revealed! Kerrang!. June 25, 2008.
^ Avenged Sevenfold to Cover Black Sabbath Metal Hammer. January 21, 2009.
^ Avenged Sevenfold Guitar Tutorial DVD Announced Metal Hammer. February 2, 2009.
^ Important/Reading Performance Avenged Sevenfold Official Website.
^ Avenged Sevenfold Postpone Tour Dates Avenged Sevenfold Official Website.
^ We Wanted to Cover Mr. Bungle Metal Hammer. January 27, 2009.
^ Rock on the Range Avenged Sevenfold Official Website.
^ Avenged Sevenfold Perform with Slash Metal Hammer. April 17, 2009.
^ Ultimate-guitar.com
^ Wordpress.com
^ Wordpress.com
^ RoadRunnerRecords.com
^ Facebook.com
^ Ryansrockshow.com
^ Myfoxla.com
^ Wordpress.com
^ Wordpress.com
^ Wordpress.com
^ Tiwtter.com
^ Wordpress.com
^ AvengedSevenfold.com
^ HBindependent.com
^ HBindependent.com
^ AvengedSevenfold.com
^ LastChanceAtMusic.com
^ Avenged Sevenfold: Sounding the Seventh Trumpet Global Domination. December 20, 2007.
^ BibleGateway.com
^ ultimate-guitar.com article
^ Message from Avenged Sevenfold Message from Avenged Sevenfold avengedsevenfold.com.
^ Message from Zacky Vengeance Message from Zacky Vengeance facebook.com/AvengedSevenfold.
External links Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Avenged Sevenfold

Official website[hide]
v • d • e
Avenged Sevenfold

M. Shadows • Synyster Gates • Zacky Vengeance • Johnny Christ
The Rev • Justin Meacham • Dameon Ash

Studio albums Sounding the Seventh Trumpet • Waking the Fallen • City of Evil • Avenged Sevenfold

EPs Warmness on the Soul

DVDs All Excess • Live in the LBC & Diamonds in the Rough

Singles "Warmness on the Soul" • "Second Heartbeat" • "Unholy Confessions" • "Burn It Down" • "Bat Country" • "Beast and the Harlot" • "Seize the Day" • "Walk" • "Critical Acclaim" • "Almost Easy" • "Afterlife" • "Dear God" • "Scream" • "Crossroads"

Tribute albums Strung Out on Avenged Sevenfold: Bat Wings and Broken Strings • Strung Out on Avenged Sevenfold: The String Tribute

Record labels Warner Bros. Records • Hopeless Records • Good Life Recordings

Related articles Discography

amdal lagi

Studi AMDAL difokuskan pada, apa yang dinamakan, dampak besar dan penting
(significant impact) kegiatan pembangunan terhadap lingkungan. Dampak besar
dan penting itu telah menjadi benang merah dan kata kunci dalam studi AMDAL.

Dampak adalah suatu perubahan yang terjadi sebagai akibat suatu aktivitas
(Otto Soemarwoto, 1999). Menurut kaidah bahasa, istilah dampak lingkungan
sebenarnya kurang tepat. Yang benar adalah dampak kegiatan terhadap
lingkungan atau secara lebih singkat dampak terhadap lingkungan. Mengenai
dampak besar dan penting Peraturan Pemerintah No.27 tahun 1999 tentang
AMDAL menyatakan bahwa dampak besar dan penting adalah perubahan lingkungan
hidup yang sangat mendasar ayng diakibatkan oleh suatu usaha dan/atau kegiatan.

Adanya dampak besar dan penting membuat suatu usaha dan/atau wajib
dilengkapi dengan AMDAL. Menurut PPRI No.27 tahun 1999 pasal 3 (ayat I)
usaha dan/atau yang kemungkinan dapat menimbulkan dampak besar dan penting
terhadap lingkungan hidup meliputi:

1. Pengubahan bentuk lahan dan benteng alam.
2. Eksploitasi sumberdaya alam baik yang terbaharui maupun yang tak terbaharui.
3. Proses dan kegiatan yang secara potensial dapat menimbulkan pemborosan,
pencemaran dan kerusakan lingkungan hidup, serta kemerosotan sumber daya
alam dalam pemanfaatannya.
4. Proses dan kegiatan yang hasilnya dapat mempengaruhi alam, lingkungan
buatan, serta lingkungan sosial dan budaya.
5. Proses dan kegiatan yang hasilnya akan dapat mempengaruhi pelestarian
kawasan kawasan konservasi sumber daya alam dan/atau perlindungan cagar budaya.
6. Introduksi jenis tumbuh-tumbuhan, jenis hewan, dan jasad renik;
7. Pembuatan dan penggunaan bahan hayati dan non-hayati.
8. Penerapan teknologi yang diperkirakan mempunyai potensi besar untuk
mempengaruhi lingkungan hidup.
9. Kegiatan yang mempunyai risiko tinggi, dan/atau mempengaruhi pertahanan
negara.

PPRI No.27 tahun 1999 pasal 5 (ayat 1) menyatakan kriteria mengenai dampak
besar dan penting suatu usaha dan/atau kegiatan terhadap lingkungan hidup
antara lain:

1. Jumlah manusia yang akan terkena dampak
2. Luas wilayah persebaran dampak
3. Intensitas dan lamanya dampak berlangsung
4. Banyaknya komponen lingkungan lainnya yang terkena dampak.
5. Sifat kumulatif dampak
6. Berbalik (reversible) atau tidak berbaliknya (irreversible) dampak.

Tujuan dan Kegunaan

AMDAL bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara mendalam kemungkinan-kemungkinan
perubahan "rona" lingkungan (aspek fisik-kimia, biologi, sosial ekonomi,
budaya dan kesehatan masyarakat) akibat adanya suatu kegiatan pembangunan
(dampak terhadap lingkungan, disingkat dampak lingkungan, pen). Dengan
mengetahui secara terperinci dampak lingkungan tersebut, maka sejak dini
telah dapat dipersiapkan upaya pengelolaan dan pemantauan dampak tersebut,
dengan tujuan untuk memperkecil dampak negatif dan mengembangkan dampak
positifnya.

AMDAL berguna bagu semua pihak yang berkepentingan, yaitu:

Kegunaan AMDAL bagi Pemerintah:

Mencegah terjadinya kerusakan dan pemborosan sumberdaya baik yang dikelola
proyek maupun tidak.

Menghindari konflik dengan proyek-proyek lainnya maupun dengan masyarakat
di sekitarnya.

Menjamin manfaat yang jelas dari proyek bagi masyarakat umum.

Memberikan jaminan bagi kelangsungan pembangunan berkelanjutan

Meningkatkan tanggungjawab semua pihak terhadap pengelolaan lingkungan
secara baik.

Dapat digunakan sebagai bahan masukan bagi perencanaan pengelolaan lingkungan.

Berguna bagi kepentingan penelitian dan pengembangan iptek.

Kegunaan AMDAL bagi Pemrakarsa (pemilik/penanggung jawab proyek):
Memberikan gambaran yang jelas mengenai manfaat,resiko dan sasaran proyek.
Memberikan gambaran yang jelas mengenai "rona" lingkungan baik (aspek
fisik-kimia, biologi, sosial ekonomi, budaya, dan kesmas) lokasi proyek.
Dengan demikian pemrakarsa dapat menyesuaikan berbagai program kegiatannya
dan sedapat mungkin dapat meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan sekitarnya.

Selain itu juga sebagai bahan penguji secara komprehensif perencanaan
proyek sehingga kelemahan-kelemahannya dapat diperkecil. Merupakan landasan
perencanaan pengelolaan lingkungan yang baik, sebagai bagian dari
pengelolaan proyek secara keseluruhan. Menghindari kemungkinan terjadinya
konflik terutama bila timbul masalah lingkungan di daerah tersebut dan
meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat di sekitarnya.

Kegunaan bagi masyarakat adalah karena adanya keterkaitan masyarakat dan
keterbukaan informasi dalam proses AMDAL dapat digunakan untuk: Melindungi
kepentingan masyarakat, memberdayakan masyarakat dalam pengambilan
keputusan atas rencana proyek pembangunan yang berpotensi menimbulkan
dampak besar dan penting terhadap lingkungan, memastikan adanya
transparansi dalam keseluruhan proses AMDAL, menciptakan suasana kemitraan
yang setara antara semua pihak yang berkepentingan yaitu dengan menghormati
hak-hak semua pihak untuk mendapatkan informasi dan mewajibkan semua pihak
untuk menyampaikan informasi yang harus diketahui pihak lain yang
terpengaruh (Keputusan Kepala Bapedal No.08/2000 tentang Pelibatan
Masyarakat dan Keterbukaan Informasi dalam AMDAL).

Penapisan dalam AMDAL

Dengan mengeluarkan pernyataan proyek pembangunan embarkasi haji Bandara
Syamsyudin Noor tidak perlu AMDAL, sesungguhnya Pak Gubernur telah
melakukan apa yang dalam terminologi AMDAL disebut penapisan (screening).

Penapisan (screening) adalah upaya untuk memilih/menentukan apakah suatu
rencana proyek wajib menyusun AMDAL atau tidak. Memang tidak semua
kegiatan/proyek pembangunan memerlukan studi AMDAL. (Sekadar contoh
ekstrim: pembangunan gedung SD pada lahan bukan kawasan lindung tidak wajib
AMDAL, sebaliknya pembangunan dan operasional PLTN tentu wajib AMDAL).
Dengan demikian, hanya proyek pembangunan yang menimbulkan perubahan
(lingkunan yang) sangat mendasar atau, dengan kata lain menimbulkan dampak
(besar dan) penting (significant impact) yang harus/wajib melakukan studi
AMDAL. Sedangkan bagi rencana usaha/kegiatan yang tidak wajib AMDAL
diharuskan untuk melakukan studi Upaya Pengelolaan Lingkungan (UKL) dan
Upaya Pemantauan Lingkungan (UPL).

Dalam AMDAL penapisan merupakan kegiatan awal. Menurut Chafid Fendeli
(2001) fungsi penapisan adalah untuk:

- melaksanakan debirokratisasi dalam proses perizinan.
- melakukan efisiensi dalam penyusunan dokumen AMDAL dan
- membantu mempermudah pengambilan kebijakan dalam mengambil suatu keputusan.

Kini di Indonesia, prosedur sederhana untuk melakukan penapisan suatu
proyek pembangunan telah tersedia, yaitu Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup
No.17 Tahun 2001 (Kepmen LH No.17/2001) tentang Jenis Rencana Usaha
dan/atau kegiatan yang wajib dilengkapi dengan AMDAL. Kepmen ini memuat
kriteria eksplisit berupa daftar yang memuat lingkungan, sehingga harus
dilengkapi dengan AMDAL. Bidang Perhubungan, termasuk di dalamnya kegiatan
pembangunan dan pengembangan bandara,termasuk dalam Kepmen ini yaitu dalam
huruf F nomor 9,10 dan 11.

Langkah-langkah penapisan usaha atau kegiatan yang wajib AMDAL menurut
Kepmen LH No.17/2001 adalah:

1. Perhatikan daftar jenis usaha atau kegiatan yang wajib AMDAL dalam
Lampiran Kepmen LH No.17/2001 . Jika usaha atau kegiatan ayng diusulkan
masuk dalam daftar ini maka jenis usaha atau kegiatan tersebut wajib
dilengkapi dengan AMDAL.

2. Jika suatu rencana usaha atau kegiatan tidak termasuk dalam daftar
lampiran KEPMEN LH No.17/2001, tetapi masyarakat atau pemerintah daerah
atau departemen sektor meragukan statusnya karena potensi dampak yang akan
ditimbulkannya, maka yang bersangkutan dapat mengajukan usulan secara
tertulis kepada MenLH untuk dipertimbangkan penetapannya sebagai usaha atau
kegiatan wajib AMDAL.

3. Jika usaha atau kegiatan tidak termasuk dalam semua ketentuan di atas,
maka rencana usaha atau kegiatan tersebut tidak wajib AMDAL tetapi
diharuskan Upaya Pengelolaan Lingkungan (UPL) dan Upaya Pemantauan
Lingkungan (UKL) di bawah instansi teknis yang berwenang.

Karena sektor perhubungan/bandara telah diatur melalui Kepmen 17/2001 sudah
seharusnya kegiatan pembangunan embarkasi haji Bandara Syamsudin Noor
mengacu kepada Kepmen ini.

Apakah proyek embarkasi haji kita itu wajib AMDAL menurut Kepmen 17/2001?
Silakan saja membandingkan kriteria yang tercantum dalam Kepmen 17/2001
dengan besaran skala proyek embarkasi tersebut. Namun, kalau "boleh"
menyampaikan pendapat, menurut saya proyek ini wajib AMDAL.

amdal

Analisis Mengenai Dampak Lingkungan, yang sering disingkat AMDAL, merupakan reaksi terhadap kerusakan lingkungan akibat aktivitas manusia yang semakin meningkat. Reaksi ini mencapai keadaan ekstrem sampai menimbulkan sikap yang menentang pembangunan dan penggunaan teknologi tinggi. Dengan ini timbullah citra bahwa gerakan lingkungan adalah anti pembangunan dan anti teknologi tinggi serta menempatkan aktivis lingkungan sebagai lawan pelaksana dan perencana pembangunan. Karena itu banyak pula yang mencurigai AMDAL sebagai suatu alat untuk menentang dan menghambat pembangunan.

Dengan diundangkannya undang-undang tentang lingkungan hidup di Amerika Serikat, yaitu National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) pada tahun 1969. NEPA mulai berlaku pada tanggal 1 Januari 1970. Dalam NEPA pasal 102 (2) (C) menyatakan,
“Semua usulan legilasi dan aktivitas pemerintah federal yang besar yang akan diperkirakan akan mempunyai dampak penting terhadap lingkungan diharuskan disertai laporan Environmental Impact Assessment (Analsis Dampak Lingkungan) tentang usulan tersebut”.

AMDAL mulai berlaku di Indonesia tahun 1986 dengan diterbitkannya Peraturan Pemerintah No. 29 Tahun 1086. Karena pelaksanaan PP No. 29 Tahun 1986 mengalami beberapa hambatan yang bersifat birokratis maupun metodologis, maka sejak tanggal 23 Oktober 1993 pemerintah mencabut PP No. 29 Tahun 1986 dan menggantikannya dengan PP No. 51 Tahun 1993 tentang AMDAL dalam rangka efektivitas dan efisiensi pelaksanaan AMDAL. Dengan diterbitkannya Undang-undang No. 23 Tahun 1997, maka PP No. 51 Tahun 1993 perlu disesuaikan. Oleh karena itu, pada tanggal 7 Mei 1999, pemerintah menerbitkan Peraturan Pemerintah No. 27 Tahun 1999. Melalui PP No. 27 Tahun 1999 ini diharapkan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup dapat lebih optimal.

Pembangunan yang tidak mengorbankan lingkungan dan/atau merusak lingkungan hidup adalah pembangunan yang memperhatikan dampak yang dapat diakibatkan oleh beroperasinya pembangunan tersebut. Untuk menjamin bahwa suatu pembangunan dapat beroperasi atau layak dari segi lingkungan, perlu dilakukan analisis atau studi kelayakan pembangunan tentang dampak dan akibat yang akan muncul bila suatu rencana kegiatan/usaha akan dilakukan.

AMDAL adalah singkatan dari analisis mengenai dampak lingkungan. Dalam peraturan pemerintah no. 27 tahun 1999 tentang analisis mengenai dampak lingkungan disebutkan bahwa AMDAL merupakan kajian mengenai dampak besar dan penting untuk pengambilan keputusan suatu usaha dan/atau kegiatan yang direncanakan pada lingkungan hidup yang diperlukan bagi proses pengambilan keputusan tentang penyelenggaraan usaha dan/atau kegiatan. Kriteria mengenai dampak besar dan penting suatu usaha dan/atau kegiatan terhadap lingkungan hidup antara lain:

a. jumlah manusia yang terkena dampak

b. luas wilayah persebaran dampak

c. intensitas dan lamanya dampak berlangsung

d. banyaknya komponen lingkungan lainnya yang terkena dampak

e. sifat kumulatif dampak

f. berbalik (reversible) atau tidak berbaliknya (irreversible) dampak